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File New Carbon Finance's Voluntary Carbon Index, November and December 2008
Throughout most of 2008, the voluntary carbon market experienced continued growth amid the progressive deterioration of the international financial system. The Voluntary Carbon Index (VCI), which tracks over-the-counter (OTC) transactions on the wholesale market, increased by 19% from July/Aug price levels (from $6.3/t to $7.5/t). The continued price support for voluntary credits comes mainly from the US pre-compliance market. However, even the voluntary market has not been fully shielded from the economic crisis and experienced a 14% decline in Nov-Dec from its high values in the previous two months.
File WRI - Creating Jobs With Climate Solutions: How Agriculture And Forestry Can Help Lower Costs In A Low-Carbon Economy
Carbon offsets can be an effective tool for lowering the costs of compliance in a cap-and-trade program, and are already being widely used internationally to comply with greenhouse gas emissions targets. To function well and maintain the integrity of a cap-and-trade system, carbon offsets must adhere to certain basic criteria and standards defining how they are quantified and certified. A number of programs around the world have begun developing such standards, but these standards would have to be carefully evaluated before being adopted under a U.S. regulatory program. Carbon offsets can come from many types of projects that reduce or sequester emissions. Some types of projects face higher quantification uncertainties than others, however, necessitating higher transaction costs in certifying the offsets they generate. These projects include certain types of forestry and agriculture carbon sequestration projects, which are subject to greater measurement and baseline uncertainties, reversibility, and leakage compared to other projects. It may be preferable in some cases fund these projects using direct payments rather than an offset market, in order to avoid costs of reducing uncertainties and lower the total cost of achieving emission reductions.
File UNDP - Key Issues in Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry, with an Emphasis on Developing Country Perspectives
An important source of GHG emissions, LULUCF remains a challenging topic in the negotiations because of inherent uncertainties. Nonetheless, LULUCF will play a key role in the negotiations because of its importance as a mitigation option for developing countries.
File The Carbon Rating Agency - Ratings Compass - Volume 1 - Issue 2
Ratings Update - Following the rating of two JI projects earlier this month, The Carbon Rating Agency (CRA) rated two more Joint Implementation projects as part of its Market Initiated Ratings Initiative. With this, the Agency has so far rated four JI projects in addition to several other projects mainly from the CDM domain. The two JI projects this week are a hydro power and a gas flaring project located in Bulgaria and Russia respectively. In addition to the above, the Agency has added one more CDM project to the rated portfolio - a hydro power project in Chile.
File The Carbon Rating Agency - Ratings Compass - Volume 1 - Issue 3
Ratings Update - The Carbon Rating Agency (CRA) added seven more projects to its MIR portfolio this month of which three are JI projects. With this, the Agency has so far rated a total of six JI projects in addition to several other projects mainly from the CDM domain. The two latest JI projects are fuel switch projects implemented at cement plants located in Russia and the Ukraine. In addition to the above, the Agency has added four more CDM project to the rated portfolio - a hydro power project in Bhutan, two biogas projects in Ecuador and Indonesia, and a gas recovery project in Qatar.
File The Carbon Rating Agency - Ratings Compass - Volume 1 - Issue 1
Rating Update - The Carbon Rating Agency has rated two Joint Implementation projects as a part of its Market Initiated Ratings Initiative, thus adding to the portfolio of rated projects which so far included projects from the CDM and Voluntary markets. The two projects, a wind power plant and a cement plant, are both located in Ukraine and are the first JI projects to be rated. In addition to the above, the Agency has added two more voluntary projects to the rated portfolio - an energy efficiency project in Peru and a biogas project in Nepal.
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